□王拯

推(tui)動經濟社會(hui)發展(zhan)(zhan)綠色(se)化(hua)、低碳(tan)化(hua)是實現高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)(zhan)的關鍵環節。2024年中央(yang)一(yi)號文(wen)件提(ti)出(chu)(chu)，“堅(jian)持產業(ye)興(xing)農(nong)(nong)、質(zhi)量興(xing)農(nong)(nong)、綠色(se)興(xing)農(nong)(nong)”，并從打好農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)污染治理攻(gong)堅(jian)戰、推(tui)進化(hua)肥農(nong)(nong)藥減量增(zeng)效等方面對(dui)加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)態文(wen)明建設作出(chu)(chu)具體部署。推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)業(ye)高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)(zhan)，要從農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)實際出(chu)(chu)發，堅(jian)持綠色(se)發展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)，加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)態保護，推(tui)進綠色(se)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)科(ke)技創新，讓綠色(se)成(cheng)為農(nong)(nong)業(ye)高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)(zhan)的鮮(xian)明底色(se)。

綠(lv)色(se)(se)興農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)強國(guo)建設的(de)(de)題中應(ying)有之義(yi)，也是(shi)加快實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)必然要求(qiu)。黨的(de)(de)十八大(da)以來，一(yi)系(xi)列著眼(yan)于農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)文(wen)件先后出臺，如《關于創新(xin)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)意見》《鄉村(cun)振興戰略規劃(hua)（2018—2022年）》《“十四五(wu)”全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規劃(hua)》等(deng)，引(yin)領農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)加快步(bu)伐，推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)持續改(gai)善(shan)。在(zai)日前召開的(de)(de)國(guo)新(xin)辦新(xin)聞發(fa)布會上(shang)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部相關負(fu)責人表示，2023年全(quan)國(guo)化(hua)肥(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥施用(yong)持續減量增效(xiao)，畜禽糞污綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)率(lv)、秸稈綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)率(lv)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜處置(zhi)率(lv)分別超(chao)過(guo)78%、88%、80%。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)“三(san)品(pin)一(yi)標(biao)”再(zai)獲新(xin)成效(xiao)，新(xin)認證登記(ji)綠(lv)色(se)(se)、有機和(he)名特優新(xin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)1.5萬個，全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量安全(quan)監測總(zong)體合(he)格率(lv)達到97.8%。不過(guo)也要看到，當前我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)過(guo)程(cheng)中依然存在(zai)資源(yuan)浪費、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污染等(deng)問題，在(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度上(shang)制(zhi)約農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，影響農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)與(yu)改(gai)善(shan)。堅持走(zou)好綠(lv)色(se)(se)興農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路，需要進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)發(fa)揮科技(ji)支撐力量，著力推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式綠(lv)色(se)(se)轉型，加快形成綠(lv)色(se)(se)、低(di)碳、循環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)可(ke)持續農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)模式。

持續(xu)推進綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)方式(shi)。2022年，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)部(bu)、國家發(fa)改(gai)委聯合印發(fa)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減(jian)排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)實(shi)施方案》，提出農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減(jian)排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)總體(ti)目標，即到2025年農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減(jian)排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)與(yu)糧食安(an)全(quan)、鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)現代化(hua)統籌融合的(de)格局基本形成(cheng)(cheng)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)取得積極成(cheng)(cheng)效；到2030年農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)減(jian)排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)與(yu)糧食安(an)全(quan)、鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)現代化(hua)統籌推進的(de)合力充分發(fa)揮，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)取得顯著(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng)效。進一步建立完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)減(jian)排(pai)固碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)目標與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)政策的(de)協同機制(zhi)與(yu)體(ti)系(xi)化(hua)對接，有(you)助于充分發(fa)揮農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)在“雙碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)”目標中的(de)基礎減(jian)排(pai)貢(gong)獻。

強化(hua)綠(lv)色(se)(se)興農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)的(de)科技(ji)(ji)支撐。綠(lv)色(se)(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產技(ji)(ji)術(shu)能(neng)夠降(jiang)低能(neng)耗、減(jian)少排(pai)放(fang)、節(jie)約資源，對(dui)于實現農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)減(jian)排(pai)固碳、解(jie)決(jue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面源污染、協調(diao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產與生(sheng)(sheng)態環境保護關系具有重(zhong)要作用(yong)。例如(ru)，采用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)替代(dai)化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)，推廣(guang)有機肥料替代(dai)化(hua)肥等(deng)綠(lv)色(se)(se)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，可以(yi)有效減(jian)少農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產過程中的(de)污染排(pai)放(fang)，降(jiang)低農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產對(dui)環境的(de)壓力(li)。加大綠(lv)色(se)(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科研(yan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)投入，鼓勵科技(ji)(ji)創新和成(cheng)果應用(yong)，大力(li)培養各類(lei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技(ji)(ji)人才(cai)，以(yi)更(geng)強大科技(ji)(ji)力(li)量支撐農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色(se)(se)發展。

加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保護和(he)修(xiu)復。堅持(chi)綠(lv)色興農(nong)(nong)(nong)，要求我們(men)在實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)落實(shi)“綠(lv)水青山(shan)就是金山(shan)銀山(shan)”重要理念(nian)。加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保護，通過(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)修(xiu)復項目恢復和(he)保護土(tu)(tu)壤、水體的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)平(ping)衡(heng)。采用(yong)植被覆蓋、水土(tu)(tu)保持(chi)等手段，減緩土(tu)(tu)地退化，改善農(nong)(nong)(nong)田生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境，實(shi)現土(tu)(tu)地的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)平(ping)衡(heng)。從源(yuan)頭治(zhi)理農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)污(wu)染，通過(guo)優化農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產結構和(he)方式，降低化學品使用(yong)量。同(tong)時，建立健(jian)全農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)回收處理體系，有(you)效解決農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)亂棄(qi)、亂堆、亂放(fang)問題，從根本上遏制(zhi)污(wu)染的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。

提(ti)倡綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)費方式(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)行為。消(xiao)(xiao)費端是引領生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式(shi)(shi)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)發展的關鍵力量(liang)。通過綠(lv)(lv)色(se)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品品質(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)品牌建設，提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品的質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)附加值(zhi)，可以增(zeng)加農(nong)(nong)民收入，提(ti)高消(xiao)(xiao)費者對農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品的認可度，更好滿足(zu)多(duo)元化(hua)品質(zhi)化(hua)的農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品消(xiao)(xiao)費需求。完善(shan)出臺相關扶(fu)持政策(ce)，鼓勵(li)農(nong)(nong)民采用綠(lv)(lv)色(se)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式(shi)(shi)，改(gai)善(shan)農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環境、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)生(sheng)活環境，進一步加強對農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)(he)(he)安(an)全的監管，保障消(xiao)(xiao)費者的健康和(he)(he)(he)安(an)全。鼓勵(li)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)費，反(fan)向(xiang)倒逼生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環節應(ying)用綠(lv)(lv)色(se)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)模式(shi)(shi)，夯實農(nong)(nong)業綠(lv)(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)的現實基礎(chu)。

綠色興農(nong)(nong)(nong)是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業高質量發展的必(bi)經之路(lu)，也(ye)是(shi)實現(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業可(ke)持(chi)續發展、鄉村全面振(zhen)興和(he)(he)應對(dui)全球氣候變化(hua)的重要舉措。讓(rang)我們共同努力，擦亮(liang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業發展的綠色底(di)色，構筑農(nong)(nong)(nong)業發展的綠色基石，推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)業高質量發展，為建設宜居宜業和(he)(he)美鄉村、實現(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村現(xian)代化(hua)注入更多(duo)動能。 據《光明(ming)日報》